How is Mayo plastic surgery performed for umbilical hernia

To date, any hernia is completely cured only by surgical intervention. Conservative therapy, despite its effectiveness, is not the leading method in the treatment of hernias: pharmacological drugs are simply unable to eliminate the cause of such a disease.

This rule also applies to the umbilical hernia. The latter, according to statistics, is diagnosed and fixed mainly in women whose age crosses the line of 30 years.

At the root of this disease are pathologies and defects in the structure of the umbilical structures, which, due to increased pressure, form the hernial canal, and then the hernia itself. It becomes clear that the organic anomaly cannot be cured with pills and pills. So, the main indication is surgery.

The essence of the approach

Mayo umbilical hernia repair is one of the most common options in the treatment of the disease. This method of treatment belongs to a series of tension-free hernioplasty, which means that the operation requires the patient's own tissues. The main task is to eliminate the hernia, its remnants, and further strengthen the anterior abdominal wall to prevent recurrence. To do this, surgeons create a double layer of tissue. This is an important point, since abdominal hernias are famous for repeated occurrences.

Preoperative period

Before any operation, the patient must undergo a series of studies, which will allow the surgeon to draw up a plan for the operation, have a number of drugs in case of complications, and generally navigate the general condition of the patient.

Such studies include:

• general blood analysis;
• blood chemistry;
• general urine analysis;
• electrocardiogram;
• tests that show the ability of blood to clot;
• analysis for the determination of viral diseases that are easily transmitted through the blood: HIV infection, hepatitis, syphilis;
• allergy tests.

Intervention preparation

Mayo plasty for umbilical hernia is performed against the background of local anesthesia in adults. During the operation, he is in a state of consciousness. In children, the operation can be performed under anesthesia (full anesthesia). An anesthetic is injected into the cerebrospinal fluid, where it will block pain and other sensations. It is important for the doctor to know what allergic reactions the patient has.

So, if the patient is allergic to lidocaine preparations, he is shown inhalation anesthesia. In this case, the patient will be unconscious.

Operation

Surgical intervention begins with two incisions, which are made in the place of a large accumulation of adipose tissue in the transverse direction. The surgeon borders the hernial formation. Having gained access to the internal environment of the body, the specialist separates the layer of connective tissue from the subcutaneous tissue with a transverse incision. Thus, the doctor receives a hernia in a “naked” form, while manipulating the protrusion becomes easier.

After that, the hernia ring is dissected, and then the hernial sac itself is in the hands of the doctor. Its contents are revealed. Specialists inspect the filling, evaluate, study the state of the organs located there, which are then set back to their anatomical location. In the presence of adhesive processes with the inner side of the hernial sac, the adhesions are dissected and removed.

After these manipulations, the incision on the peritoneum is sutured with a continuous catgut suture. If the peritoneum is soldered to a part of the hernial ring, it is sutured together with the aponeurosis. After that, a series of silk seams in the shape of the letter "P" is applied. This method allows you to layer parts of the seams on top of each other. At this stage, the operating period ends.

Often there are situations when patients want to remove the navel, or the patient's condition requires it.

There are also several indications for this:

• hernia of large dimensions;
• weakening of muscle fibers in the protrusion and navel;
• the presence of adhesive processes.

In this case, the removal of the hernia is associated with the removal of the navel.

Disadvantages and advantages of the method

These categories are taken into account when there are alternative approaches to the treatment of the disease. Keep in mind that Mayo plastic surgery will not always be the best choice.

Flaws:

• relatively long recovery period;
• the presence of pain after surgery;
• the presence of the likelihood of cases of recurrence in overall hernias.

The rehabilitation period requires a lot of time (on average it lasts up to 4 months). There is also pain after the intervention, but it is removed by a number of painkillers. The size of the hernia is also taken into account.

With a fairly large hernia, there is a small chance of its recurrence.

Advantages:

• the operation is safe for the patient, rarely gives any complications;
• the technique of performing the operation is simple, which means that the process is not laborious and the likelihood of unforeseen operational complications is minimal;
• the intervention can be performed under local anesthesia, which is always better than under general anesthesia.

Rehabilitation

After surgery, the patient is recommended to wear a medical fixing bandage. Such a tool allows you to reduce the load on the seams, as well as accelerate the process of regeneration of the formed wound. In the first few days, bed rest is indicated, thus excluding any physical activity. You can get up and be physically active after the third or fourth day.

To prevent intense pain, doctors prescribe painkillers. There is also a risk of inflammatory processes, so the attending specialist prescribes anti-inflammatory drugs.

In addition, the patient is shown further development of the abdominal muscles. To do this, doctors prescribe physiotherapy exercises, physiotherapy, classes in the pool and massage sessions. In addition, for a quality recovery after surgery, it is recommended to follow a balanced diet containing most minerals and vitamin supplements.

You should be aware that it is necessary to exclude any product containing a large amount of simple carbohydrates, as they are prone to fermentation, which causes an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. It is recommended to eat cereals, stewed vegetables.

Rehabilitation in children is much easier. The children's body is predisposed to the rapid regeneration of damaged tissues. Particular attention should be paid to the child's nutrition, the presence of constipation or accumulation of gases.

Complications

In medicine, there are complications in the early and late period. The first group includes the accession of the local bacterial flora, which causes suppuration, worsening of the work of some parts of the intestinal tract, intestinal obstruction and some consequences after the use of general anesthesia.

Such conditions are recorded even at the stage of hospital treatment, so the patient can count on professional help from the medical staff.

Complications in the late period occur after the patient is discharged from the hospital. Most often, complications such as recurrence of a hernia, intestinal obstruction are observed.